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Prohibition of starting without coolant or adding boiling water. Do not add coolant after starting the engine, because the hot cylinder liner, cylinder head and other key parts will be blown or deformed due to rapid cooling. Similarly, the sudden addition of boiling water at 100°C to an ice-cold engine can cause damage to the cylinder head and body. The correct practice is to add when the coolant temperature drops to 60~70℃. Prohibition of pull start. In the cold state, the oil viscosity is high, at this time pull start will increase the wear and tear between the moving parts, shorten the service life of the locomotive.
Prohibition of unscheduled oil and fuel replacement. If the oil and fuel are not changed to lower viscosity oil and fuel in time in winter, the engine will be difficult to start. Prohibition of fire baking the oil pan and intake pipe to start the fire.To prevent fire, should be at a certain distance away from the use of fire or coal fire baking engine oil pan, and slowly rotate the crankshaft, so that the oil is evenly heated to ensure that all parts of the lubrication. Do not start the engine at the intake pipe, so as not to burn the ashes and hard debris into the cylinder, resulting in the intake and exhaust valves closed poorly, accelerating cylinder wear. Prohibit the prolonged use of electric plugs, flame preheater. The heat generator of the electric plug and flame preheater is an electric wire, which consumes electricity and generates a large amount of heat, and prolonged use will damage the battery and electric wire. Therefore, the electric plug should not be used continuously for more than 1 minute at a time, and the flame preheater should be used continuously for less than 20 seconds at a time. Prohibit adding oil directly to the cylinder. Although adding oil to the cylinder will help the diesel engine cold start, but the oil can not be completely burned, easy to produce carbon deposits, weaken the piston ring elasticity, reduces cylinder sealing performance, and accelerates the cylinder liner wear, resulting in a decline in engine power, more difficult to start.
Prohibit gasoline directly into the intake pipe. The ignition point of gasoline is lower than that of diesel, and pouring gasoline into the intake pipe first will cause the engine to work roughly and produce strong knocking phenomenon, which may even cause the engine to reverse in serious cases. Prohibit continuous starting for a long time. The starter on the engine works under low voltage and high current conditions, and prolonged use will damage the battery. The continuous working time should not be more than 10 seconds, and if one start fails, it should be tried again after 15 seconds. Prohibit high-speed operation right after starting. When the engine is just started, the oil temperature is low and the fluidity is poor, immediately running at high speed will lead to the lack of lubrication and rapid wear of the moving parts, and in serious cases, the phenomenon of burning tile and holding the shaft may also occur.
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